What causes keloid scars?

Keloids, characterized by raised scars extending beyond initial injuries, can result from diverse skin traumas, such as piercings, burns, or surgical wounds. While their formation involves an excess production of collagen, ongoing research seeks to unravel the complex role of melanin in this process. Understanding keloids is pivotal for advancing treatment modalities and preventive strategies.

Dermatologist in Simi Valley.

Keloids can arise from various skin injuries:

  • Body piercing, particularly ear piercings
  • Acne or chickenpox outbreaks, often affecting the face, chest, or back
  • Burns, cuts, scrapes, or bug bites
  • Deep wounds like punctures
  • Skin diseases causing inflammation, such as folliculitis
  • Tattoos or wounds from surgery, procedures, or injections
  • Shaving in the beard area

Interestingly, “spontaneous keloids” can occur on uninjured skin, albeit rarely. They may stem from minor, unnoticed injuries, severe body inflammation, or certain medications, leading to excessive collagen production and subsequent keloid growth.

Ongoing research endeavors aim to deepen our understanding of keloids, including their potential association with melanin.

Does melanin play a role in keloid formation?

Melanin, the pigment responsible for skin, hair, and eye color, varies in production across individuals and ethnicities. Notably, keloids are more prevalent in individuals with higher melanocyte levels, particularly those with darker skin tones. This intriguing correlation suggests a possible link between melanin and keloid development.

Certain individuals exhibit a predisposition to keloids:

  • Those of African, Asian, or Latin-American descent, with a higher incidence, especially among ethnic Chinese populations
  • Individuals with a family history of keloids, indicating a genetic predisposition, more commonly observed in African or Asian families
  • The age range of 10 to 30 marks the peak period for keloid development, although they can occur at any age
  • Pregnancy, characterized by hormonal changes that increase the likelihood of keloid formation

Enhancing our comprehension of keloid etiology not only facilitates more effective treatment approaches but also enables targeted preventive measures.